About

Arrossos d'Espanya: A Field Atlas of Spanish Rice

A granular, multilingual (Castellano / Valencià / Català / English) atlas of Spain's rice traditions. It is rooted in the Valencian Community (València, Alacant/Alicante, Castelló/Castellón) and extends to every other rice-cooking region of Spain. 125 recipes document town-by-town variations wherever the sources support them, plus forgotten and endangered village rices. For the long story see A History of Rice in Spain.

01How to Use This Atlas

  • Region pages describe cultural sub-regions and link to their recipes.
  • Recipe files follow a fixed layout: Geographic & Texture Profile → Historical & Cultural Context → Town-by-Town Variations → 4-Person Master Recipe → Authority Links → Related Dishes (cousins in other towns and regions, grouped by dish family).
  • Nomenclature: each dish carries its Spanish and local names (Arroz / Arròs, Paella, Caldero).
  • ⚠️ Confidence flags: poorly documented dishes carry an explicit note; reconstructed variations are labelled as such. Verify them locally before citing them as canonical.
  • Quantities are for 4 people. Liquid ratios depend on the variety: Bomba absorbs ~15–20 % more than Senia/Bahía.

02Region Index

03Master Directory of Recipes

Valencia

Alicante (incl. La Vega Baja)

Castellon

Murcia

Catalonia

Balearic Islands

Andalusia

Aragon, Navarre & La Rioja

Castilla-La Mancha & Extremadura

Castile and Leon

Northern Spain (Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria, Basque Country)

Canary Islands

Palestine

Lebanon

Jordan

Syria

04Dish Families (cross-regional cousins)

The same idea is cooked differently from town to town and region to region. Each recipe's Related Dishes section links its cousins.

05Quick Matrix (all recipes)

Texture totals: Seco 62 · Meloso 34 · Caldoso 29.

Dish Region Texture Families ⚠️
Arroz al Horno Valencia Seco Baked & crust rices
Arroz al Horno con Guisantes Valencia Seco Baked & crust rices ⚠️
Arroz al Horno con Pasas y Garbanzos Valencia Seco Baked & crust rices; Lent & vigil rices
Arroz al Horno de Alubias y Nabos Valencia Seco Baked & crust rices; Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Arroz al Horno de Anguilas y Judías Valencia Seco Duck & wetland rices; River & freshwater rices; Baked & crust rices ⚠️
Arroz Caldoso de Sepia y Coliflor Valencia Caldoso Cephalopod & ink rices ⚠️
Arroz con Acelgas Valencia Meloso Lent & vigil rices; Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz con Alubias y Nabos Valencia Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices; Rice & legumes
Arroz con Hígado de Toro Valencia Meloso Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Arroz con Pato Valencia Seco Duck & wetland rices; Festive poultry rices
Arroz con Sepia y Alcachofas Valencia Seco Cephalopod & ink rices; Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz de las Riberas del Turia Valencia Meloso Huerta & artichoke rices; Festive poultry rices ⚠️
Arroz Empedrado Valencia Seco Baked & crust rices; Empedrado ('cobbled') rices; Lent & vigil rices ⚠️
Arroz Negro Valencia Seco Cephalopod & ink rices
Fideuá Valencia Seco The paella family; Fishermen's broth rices; Rice with noodles
Paella con Albóndigas Valencia Seco The paella family ⚠️
Paella de Cebolla y Bacalao Valencia Seco Lent & vigil rices ⚠️
Paella de Costillas y Coliflor Valencia Seco The paella family; Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Paella de Marisco Valencia Seco The paella family
Paella de Verduras Valencia Seco The paella family; Huerta & artichoke rices
Paella Mixta Valencia Seco The paella family ⚠️
Paella Valenciana Valencia Seco Rabbit & snail rices; The paella family
Arroz a Banda Alicante Seco Fishermen's broth rices
Arroz a la Alicantina Alicante Seco The paella family ⚠️
Arroz Caldoso con Bogavante Alicante Caldoso Shellfish caldosos & melosos
Arroz Clarico (con Hierbabuena) Alicante Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Arroz con Bacalao y Coliflor Alicante Seco Lent & vigil rices
Arroz con Chipirones y Ajos Tiernos Alicante Meloso Cephalopod & ink rices
Arroz con Conejo Alicante Seco Rabbit & snail rices; Mountain & game rices ⚠️
Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles Alicante Seco Rabbit & snail rices; Mountain & game rices
Arroz con Costra Alicante Seco Baked & crust rices
Arroz con Habas Peladas Alicante Meloso Winter pot & matanza rices; Rice & legumes ⚠️
Arroz con Pata de Ternera Alicante Meloso Winter pot & matanza rices
Arroz con Pava (Pavo) Alicante Meloso Baked & crust rices; Festive poultry rices ⚠️
Arroz con Rape y Gamba Roja Alicante Seco Shellfish caldosos & melosos
Arroz de Boquerones y Espinacas Alicante Seco Lent & vigil rices; Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz de los Tres Puñaos Alicante Caldoso Lent & vigil rices; Rice & legumes
Arroz de Renda Alicante Caldoso Rabbit & snail rices ⚠️
Arroz de Trilla Alicante Caldoso Rabbit & snail rices ⚠️
Arroz de Verduras de la Vega Baja Alicante Seco Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz del Señorito Alicante Seco Fishermen's broth rices
Arroz Meloso de Pulpo Alicante Meloso Cephalopod & ink rices ⚠️
Arroz y Gatet (Arroz con Pintarroja) Alicante Caldoso Fishermen's broth rices ⚠️
Caldero de Santa Pola y Tabarca Alicante Meloso Fishermen's broth rices
Arrocito del Grau de Castelló Castellon Meloso Cephalopod & ink rices; Cazuela / cassola rices ⚠️
Arroz Caldoso de Langostinos de Vinaròs Castellon Caldoso Shellfish caldosos & melosos
Arroz con Alcachofas de Benicarló Castellon Seco Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz con Galeras y Alcachofas Castellon Meloso Shellfish caldosos & melosos; Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz de la Plana Castellon Seco The paella family; Huerta & artichoke rices ⚠️
Arroz de Montaña de Castellón Castellon Seco Mountain & game rices ⚠️
Olla de Benicarló (con Arroz) Castellon Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Arroz Caldero del Mar Menor Murcia Meloso Fishermen's broth rices
Arroz con Boquerones y Pava (Coliflor) Murcia Seco Lent & vigil rices; Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles Murciano Murcia Seco Rabbit & snail rices
Arroz con Magra, Costillejas y Verduras Murcia Seco Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz de Ayuno de Calasparra Murcia Seco Lent & vigil rices ⚠️
Arroz Empedrao (Empedrado) Murciano Murcia Meloso Empedrado ('cobbled') rices; Lent & vigil rices
Arroz y Habichuelas Murcia Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices; Lent & vigil rices; Rice & legumes
Arroz y Pollo con Alcaciles Murcia Seco Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz y Verduras con Bacalao Murcia Seco Lent & vigil rices; Huerta & artichoke rices
Arroz a la Cazuela Catalonia Meloso Cazuela / cassola rices
Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles Catalán Catalonia Seco Rabbit & snail rices ⚠️
Arroz de Montaña Catalán Catalonia Meloso Mountain & game rices
Arroz de Pals a la Cazuela Catalonia Meloso Cazuela / cassola rices ⚠️
Arroz de Ribera del Delta del Ebro Catalonia Meloso Duck & wetland rices; Fishermen's broth rices
Arroz Negro Catalán Catalonia Seco Cephalopod & ink rices
Arroz Rossejat Catalonia Seco Fishermen's broth rices; Rice with noodles ⚠️
Arroz, Col y Alubias Catalonia Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices; Rice & legumes
Arroz de Langosta Menorquín Balearic Islands Caldoso Shellfish caldosos & melosos ⚠️
Arroz de Matanza Ibicenco Balearic Islands Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Arroz Marinero Balear Balearic Islands Caldoso Fishermen's broth rices ⚠️
Arroz Sucio Mallorquín Balearic Islands Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices
Escudilla de Ángel Balearic Islands Meloso Sweet rices ⚠️
Arroz a la Sevillana Andalusia Meloso Cazuela / cassola rices; Home-style & country rices ⚠️
Arroz Caldoso con Colitas de Cangrejo de Isla Mayor Andalusia Caldoso Duck & wetland rices; Shellfish caldosos & melosos; River & freshwater rices ⚠️
Arroz Caldoso con Pato de las Marismas Andalusia Caldoso Duck & wetland rices
Arroz Caldoso de Isla Cristina Andalusia Caldoso Shellfish caldosos & melosos ⚠️
Arroz Campero Andaluz Andalusia Seco Huerta & artichoke rices; Home-style & country rices
Arroz con Choco Andalusia Caldoso Cephalopod & ink rices ⚠️
Arroz con Perdiz Andalusia Caldoso Mountain & game rices ⚠️
Arroz Cortijero de Jaén Andalusia Seco Home-style & country rices ⚠️
Arroz Marinero Andaluz Andalusia Caldoso Fishermen's broth rices ⚠️
Perol Cordobés Andalusia Meloso Cazuela / cassola rices; Home-style & country rices ⚠️
Arroz a la Zaragozana Aragon, Navarre & La Rioja Meloso Cazuela / cassola rices ⚠️
Arroz con Borrajas y Almejas Aragon, Navarre & La Rioja Caldoso Shellfish caldosos & melosos
Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles (Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja) Aragon, Navarre & La Rioja Meloso Rabbit & snail rices ⚠️
Colas de Cordero con Arroz Aragon, Navarre & La Rioja Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Paella a la Riojana Aragon, Navarre & La Rioja Seco The paella family ⚠️
Txuritabeltz (Relleno Navarro y Sangrecilla) Aragon, Navarre & La Rioja Seco Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Arroz con Bacalao de Vigilia (La Mancha y Extremadura) Castilla-La Mancha & Extremadura Caldoso Lent & vigil rices ⚠️
Arroz con Liebre Castilla-La Mancha & Extremadura Meloso Mountain & game rices
Arroz con Miel de Bogarra Castilla-La Mancha & Extremadura Meloso Sweet rices ⚠️
Cardillos con Arroz Castilla-La Mancha & Extremadura Meloso Lent & vigil rices ⚠️
Arroz a la Zamorana Castile and Leon Meloso Winter pot & matanza rices
Arroz con Cangrejos (La Bañeza) Castile and Leon Meloso River & freshwater rices ⚠️
Chanfaina Salmantina Castile and Leon Meloso Winter pot & matanza rices ⚠️
Potaje Bañezano (Garbanzos con Arroz) Castile and Leon Caldoso Lent & vigil rices; Rice & legumes ⚠️
Arroz a la Asturiana Northern Spain Seco Home-style & country rices ⚠️
Arroz Caldoso con Bogavante del Cantábrico Northern Spain Caldoso Shellfish caldosos & melosos
Arroz con Almejas Northern Spain Caldoso Shellfish caldosos & melosos ⚠️
Arroz con Leche Northern Spain Meloso Sweet rices
Arroz con Mariscos y Pescados de Candamo Northern Spain Seco Shellfish caldosos & melosos ⚠️
Arroz con Pitu de Caleya Northern Spain Meloso Mountain & game rices; Festive poultry rices
Arroz del Pedrón de Parayo Northern Spain Seco River & freshwater rices ⚠️
Chipirones en su Tinta con Arroz Blanco Northern Spain Seco Cephalopod & ink rices ⚠️
Lamprea a la Bordelesa con Arroz Northern Spain Seco River & freshwater rices ⚠️
Arroz a la Cubana (Canarias) Canary Islands Seco Home-style & country rices ⚠️
Arroz Amarillo Canario Canary Islands Seco Home-style & country rices ⚠️
Mahshi Kousa wa Batinjan Palestine Meloso Stuffed vegetables & leaves ⚠️
Maqluba Palestine Seco Baked & crust rices; Festive poultry rices ⚠️
Qidreh Palestine Seco Baked & crust rices; Lamb feast rices
Ruz bi-Djaj ma'a Hashweh Palestine Seco Festive poultry rices ⚠️
Fasoulia w Riz Lebanon Caldoso Winter pot & matanza rices; Rice with noodles ⚠️
Mujaddara Lebanon Seco Lent & vigil rices; Rice & legumes
Riz a Djej Lebanon Seco Festive poultry rices ⚠️
Riz bi Sh'ariyyeh Lebanon Seco Home-style & country rices; Rice with noodles
Sayadieh Lebanon Seco Fishermen's broth rices ⚠️
Warak Enab Lebanon Meloso Lent & vigil rices; Stuffed vegetables & leaves ⚠️
Mansaf Jordan Seco Lamb feast rices ⚠️
Zarb Jordan Seco Lamb feast rices ⚠️
Mahshi Halabi (Aleppo Stuffed Vegetables) Syria Meloso Stuffed vegetables & leaves ⚠️
Ouzi Syria Seco Baked & crust rices; Lamb feast rices ⚠️
Riz bi Foul (Rice with Fava Beans) Syria Seco Home-style & country rices; Rice & legumes ⚠️
Riz bi Haleeb (Rice Pudding) Syria Meloso Sweet rices
Shakriyeh with Vermicelli Rice Syria Seco Lamb feast rices; Rice with noodles

06Detailed Comparison Matrix: Valencian Community Core

Dish Province Category Texture Vessel Fuel (traditional) Base / Fondo Rice : Liquid* Signature element
Paella Valenciana VLC Inland meat + veg Seco Paella Orange wood / sarmiento Browned chicken + rabbit, tomato 400 g : 1.2–1.4 L Garrofó + bajoqueta
Arròs al Forn VLC Baked Seco Cassola de fang Baker's oven Olla broth, pork, morcilla 400 g : 0.8 L Whole garlic head
Arròs Negre VLC/ALC/CS Seafood Seco Paella Wood / gas Sepia + fumet + ink 400 g : 1.2–1.3 L Cephalopod ink
Fesols i Naps VLC Winter / matança Caldoso Olla / caldera Wood stove Pork trotter, beans, turnip 340 g : 2 L Yellow turnip
Arròs amb Bledes VLC Vegetable (Lent) Meloso Cassola Wood Chard, beans, potato 320 g : 1.2 L Chard "flags"
Arròs amb Ànec VLC Wetland game Seco Paella Orange wood Rendered duck fat 400 g : 1.25 L Albufera duck
Arròs Empedrat ⚠️ VLC Lent / baked Seco Cassola Oven Salt cod, beans 400 g : 0.8 L "Cobblestone" beans
Arroz a Banda ALC Seafood Seco Paella Gas / wood Fumet + salmorreta 400 g : 1.2–1.4 L Fish served apart
Senyoret ALC/VLC Seafood Seco Paella Gas Prawn-head fumet 400 g : 1.25 L Everything peeled
Caldero ALC Seafood Meloso Iron caldero Wood / gas Morralla + ñora picada 400 g : 1.6 L Gallina + potato, two services
Arroz con Costra ALC Baked / meat Seco Perol de barro Oven / ember lid Rabbit + embutido 400 g : 1.0 L Egg crust
Conejo y Caracoles ALC Mountain game Seco Thin paella Sarmiento Rabbit + ñora + thyme 320 g : 0.95 L Serranas, thin layer
Pata de Ternera ALC Inland meat Meloso Paella / cassola Gas Calf's-foot stock 400 g : 1.35 L Gelatin body
Verduras Vega Baja ALC Seasonal veg Seco Paella Wood / gas Artichoke + habas + ñora 350 g : 1.15 L Alcachofa Vega Baja
Arroz con Pava ⚠️ ALC Festive meat Meloso Perol / paella Wood / gas Turkey cocido 350 g : 1.45 L Pava borracha + pelotas
Alcachofas Benicarló CS Seasonal veg + meat Seco Paella Wood / gas Pork + fried artichoke 400 g : 1.2 L D.O. artichoke
Galeras y Alcachofas CS Seafood Meloso Paella / cassola Gas Galera stock 350 g : 1.45 L Mantis shrimp
Langostinos Vinaròs CS Seafood Caldoso Cassola Gas Prawn-head base 290 g : 1.9 L Llagostí de Vinaròs
Arrocito del Grau ⚠️ CS Seafood Meloso Medium-depth pan Gas Shellfish fumet 350 g : 1.45 L Port tavern rice
Montaña Castellón ⚠️ CS Mountain game Seco Paella Pine / oak Rabbit + mushrooms 380 g : 1.2 L Rovellons

* Liquid in the pan at the moment the rice goes in, for Senia/Bahía-type rice.

07Shared Technique Glossary

Term Meaning
Fondo The flavour base: browned proteins + sofrito + reduced broth
Sofregit / Sofrito Garlic and tomato (± pimentón) fried until jammy. Onion is mostly excluded in Valencian seco rices
Salmorreta Alicante paste of ñora, garlic, tomato and parsley
Ñora Small round dried sweet pepper (Segura basin). Fry it for seconds only
Picada Mortar-pounded paste (garlic, ñora, parsley, fried bread or almond) stirred into the broth
Socarrat Caramelised rice crust on the pan base, formed in the last 1–2 min
Sarmiento / Sarment Vine-pruning wood; fast, very hot fire
Serranas / Vaquetes Mountain snails (Sphincterochila / Iberus)
Morralla Small mixed rockfish for stock
Allioli Garlic + oil emulsion, served with seafood rices

08Methodology & Limitations

  • Research was run in Spanish, Valencian/Catalan and English using "Paella", "Arroz…" and "Arròs…" nomenclature. Sources are prioritised in this order: (1) Generalitat / municipal tourism and town-hall documents, (2) regional press (El Español Alicante/Valencia, AQUÍ Medios, Valencia Bonita, Alicante Plaza), (3) established recipe media (Directo al Paladar, 3Cat Cuines, Consum).
  • Town-by-town variations are documented from these sources where available. Where sources were thin (marked ⚠️), variations are reconstructed from comarca practice and clearly flagged. Please verify them with local cooks before citing them as canonical.
  • Every link was found through live web search in November 2026. Some regional press URLs may change over time.